IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


i.O 


I.I 


|50     "™'  ■■■■ 


1.8 


1.25  III  1.4 


1^ 


V] 


oSfe 


>» 


o 


^r 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


?.1  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  145S0 

(71A)  879.4503 


Z/j 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHiVJ/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  l\Aicroreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Tachnicai  and  Bibliographic  Notaa/Notaa  taehniquaa  at  bibliographiquaa 


Tha  Inttituta  has  attamptad  to  obtain  tha  baat 
orifjinal  copy  availabia  for  filming.  Faaturaa  of  thia 
copy  which  may  ba  bibliographically  uniqua, 
which  may  altar  any  of  tha  imagaa  in  tha 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  changa 
tha  usual  mathod  of  filming,  ara  chackad  balow. 


EColourad  cowara/ 
Couvartura  da  coulaur 


I      I   Covart  damagad/ 


D 


Couvartura  andommagte 


Covars  rastorad  and/or  laminated/ 
Couvartura  raataurte  at/ou  palliculAa 


I — I    Covar  titia  miaaing/ 


0 

n 


n 


La  titra  da  couvartura  manqua 

Colourad  mapa/ 

Cartaa  gtegraphiquaa  an  coulaur 

Colourad  ink  (i.a.  othar  than  blua  or  black)/ 
Encra  da  coulaur  (i.a.  autra  qua  blaua  ou  noira) 

Colourad  plataa  and/or  illuatrations/ 
Planchaa  at/ou  illustrations  an  coulaur 


D 


Bound  with  othar  matariai/ 
RalM  avac  d'autras  documants 

Tight  binding  may  causa  shadows  or  distortion 
along  intarior  margin/ 

Laraliura  sarc^a  paut  causar  da  i'ombra  ou  da  la 
distorsion  la  long  da  la  marga  intiriaura 

Blank  laavas  addad  during  raatoration  may 
appaar  within  tha  taxt.  Whanavar  possibia.  thaaa 
hava  baan  omittad  from  filming/ 
II  sa  paut  qua  cartainaa  pagaa  blanchaa  ajoutiaa 
lors  d'una  rastauration  apparaiaaant  dana  la  taxta. 
mala,  lorsqua  cala  Atait  poaaibia,  cas  pagaa  n'ont 
paa  «ti  filmAaa. 

Additional  commants:/ 
Commantairaa  supplAmantairaa; 


L'inatitut  a  microfilm*  la  maillaur  axamplaira 
qu'il  lui  a  «t*  possibia  da  sa  procurar.  Las  details 
da  cat  axamplaira  qui  sont  paut-Atra  uniquas  du 
point  da  vua  bibliographiqua.  qui  pauvant  modifiar 
una  imaga  raproduita.  ou  qui  pauvant  axigar  una 
modification  dana  la  mAthoda  normala  da  filmaga 
sont  indiqute  ci-daasous. 


□   Colourad  pagaa/ 
Pagaa 


D 


Pagaa  da  coulaur 

Pagaa  damagad/ 
Pagaa  andommagias 

Pagaa  rastored  and/oi 

Pagaa  raataurAas  at/ou  palliculAas 

Pagaa  diseolourad.  stainad  or  foxat 
Pagaa  dicolorias.  tachatias  ou  piqutes 

Pagas  datachad/ 
Pagaa  ditachias 

Showthrough/ 
Transparanca 

Quality  of  prin 

Qualiti  inigala  da  I'impraasion 

Includaa  supplamantary  matarii 
Comprand  du  material  supplimantaira 

Only  adition  availabia/ 
Saula  Mition  disponibia 


|~~|  Pagaa  damagad/ 

rn  Pagas  rastored  and/or  laminatad/ 

rTTi  Pagaa  diseolourad.  stainad  or  foxad/ 

I      I  Pagas  datachad/ 

rri  Showthrough/ 

I     I  Quality  of  print  varias/ 

|~~1  Includaa  supplamantary  matariai/ 

r~1  Only  adition  availabia/ 


Pagaa  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  ref limed  to 
enaura  tha  best  possible  image/ 
Lea  pagaa  totalament  ou  partieilement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata.  una  pelure, 
etc..  ont  iti  filmMs  A  nouveau  da  fapon  A 
obtanir  la  mailleure  imaga  possibia. 


n 

tc 


T 

P< 

01 

fl 


0 
b 
tt 

sj 
o 

fi 

si 
o 


T 
si 
T 
Ml 

dl 
m 
bi 
ri( 
r« 
m 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film*  au  taux  da  reduction  indiqu*  ci-dassous. 

10X  14X  18X  22X 


26X 


30X 


y 


12X 


16X 


aox 


a4x 


28X 


32X 


Th«  copy  filmed  hf  has  b««n  r«produc«d  thanks 
to  th«  g«n*irosity  of: 

ttmu  BruiMwick  MuNum 
Saint  John 


L'oxomplairo  filmi  fut  raproduit  grica  i  la 
gifiAroait*  da: 

Ntw  Bruntwldt  IMuMum 
Saint  Jolin 


Tha  imagaa  appaaring  hara  ara  tha  baat  quality 
poaalbia  conaldaring  tha  condition  and  lagibility 
of  tha  original  copy  and  in  Icaaping  with  tha 
filming  contract  spaciflcationa. 


Original  coplaa  in  printad  papar  eovars  ara  fllmad 
beginning  with  tha  front  covar  and  anding  on 
tha  last  paga  with  a  printad  or  illuatratad  impraa- 
sion,  or  tha  bacic  covar  whan  appropriate.  All 
othar  original  copiaa  ara  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  paga  with  a  printad  or  illuatratad  imprsa- 
sion,  and  anding  on  the  laat  page  with  a  printed 
or  illuatratad  impraaaion. 


The  laat  recorded  frame  on  each  mieroflche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  -^^imeening  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  ▼  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  appliae. 


Lee  imagea  suh/antea  ont  4ti  reproduites  avec  le 
plua  grand  soin,  compta  tenu  de  le  condition  at 
da  la  nettet*  de  I'exemplaira  fiimA.  at  w 
conformM  avec  lea  conditions  du  contrat  da 
flimage. 

Lee  eMompieires  origineux  dont  la  couvarture  •» 
papier  est  imprim4e  sent  fiimis  en  commen^ant 
par  la  premier  plat  at  an  tarminant  soit  par  la 
darnlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  amprainta 
d'imprassion  ou  d'illustration.  soit  par  la  second 
plat,  salon  la  cas.  Tous  las  autras  axampiairas 
origineux  sont  fiimAs  an  commandant  par  la 
premiere  page  qui  comporte  une  amprainta 
d'impreaalon  ou  dtllustration  at  9n  terminent  par 
la  damlAre  paga  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  dea  symbolaa  suivants  apparattra  sur  la 
darniAre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
caa:  le  symbole  — *>  signifie  "A  SUIVRE".  le 
symbols  ▼  signifie  "FIN". 


Mapa.  plataa,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratioa.  Thoee  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  expoeure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  ttie  upper  left  hand  comer,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  aa  many  frames  aa 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Lea  cartea,  planches,  tableeux,  etc..  pauvent  itre 
filmte  i  dea  taux  da  rMuction  dlff^ants. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
raproduit  an  un  seul  clich4,  il  est  film^  A  partir 
de  Tangle  sup^rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  h  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bee,  en  prenant  Is  nombra 
d'images  n^cessaira.  Las  diagrammes  suivants 
ilkiatrant  le  mithode. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

offfimrmft^ 


mwmmW'''^ 


PROSPECTUS 


or 


Q-BSNUKa 

PATEJVT  KEKOSEIVE  GAS, 

'obtained  from 

BitumeB,  Asphaltum,  or  Mineral  Pitch. 


PART    I 


.be'^aS  SdTS  Z:tTrf  ''''  S-  -  '"- 
obtained  fronf  common  coal  ""'  ""^  ''""«'«>'  "^  S<^ 

Kerosene  gas  is  very  agreeable  t^  tl^:  eSe!  '*""  "^ 

wi^L^:i^:d\tfs.i^j-^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

be  otirern^CutPJ-^ir:  isiiexhaunible.  It  can 
British  Provinces  at  a  ll!  '  ^"'^  ^"*«^'  »"'i  i"  'be 
for  making  g^      '  ^'  "  '"'""'  '»'«  "«•"  'be  coal  now  used 

inju^e-thf^p^r''"'  «''  ''^^  ""'  -^-^d".  or  otherwise 

mor^^a;l:t:^c'o;r.^1,:"  "^  "^7'^'='"- '» ■"-" 

purpose,  in  the  arts  Z^Zu^.i^^'y''  ""'  ^"'""^ 
heat  tLem     '"'''  '^"""'"S  '"  «h«  retorts  affords  fuel  to 

cartic^xIdranSUl'ttr^^  ""t^"^'  -"' 
by  purification,  and  i„  [.f''*'' T*' '«'!'"'•«  ^  be  removed 

become  filled  ^ith  ciS>on  ""'""*<='««  ">«  --etorts  do  not 


f ."-f 5?£»^.fT;  •tTXS'^lS 


■'-E^i^-iv*- 


llUlIb 


S  PATENT  KEROSENE   GAS. 

9th.  The  process  of  manufacture  Is  cheap  and  simple. 

lOth.  This  gas  may  be  safely  and  economically  intro- 
duced into  private  houses. 

11th.  To  make  the  Kerosene  gas  no  alteration  is  re- 
quired in  the  existing  gas  works,  except  the  introduction 
of  the  patent  retort  case,  which  is  not  expensive,  and  may 
be  placed  within  the  retort  now  in  use. 

12th.  The  apparatus  used  for  purifying  coal  gas  is  ren* 
dered  almost  unnecessary,  and  may  be  much  reduced  in  the 
cost. 

13th.  The  Kerosene  gas  is  not  injured  by  being  retained 
in  the  gasometer  several  weeks. 

14th.  The  Patent  Kerosene  gas  afibrds  the  cheapest, 
safest,  and  most  agreeable  light  ever  used. 


As  but  a  short  time  has  elapsed  since  the  foregoing  dis- 
covery was  made  public,  only  a  few  buildings  at  New 
York  and  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  have  been  lighted  with 
the  gas,  and  there,  men  of  science  have  examined  and 
ipproved  of  it  as  being  cheap  and  safe.  The  following 
notices  of  the  Kerosene  gas  have  appeared  in  the  public 
journals  of  those  places : 

From  the  New-York  Courier  &  Inquirer,  Feb.  1, 1860. 

•'  Dr.  Gesner  has  made  an  improvement  in  the  construction  of  retorts 
for  the  production  of  gas,  which  he  has  patented,  and  which  is  very 
simple,  effective,  and  economical.  The  substance  used  out  of  which  he 
generates  gas,  is  the  bitumen  found  so  abundantly  in  Trinidad,  and 
other  West  India  Islands.  In  the  experiment  witnessed  by  us,  on« 
pound  of  bitumen  generated  six  entire  feet  of  gas,  which,  without  being 
purified,  burnt  with  a  more  clear  and  brilliant  light,  and  with  a  less 
offenoive  smell,  than  any  gas  yet  furnished  us  by  our  Gas  Companies. 
The  Doctor  states  that  he  can  make  the  gas  on  a  large  scale,  at  a  cost 
of  not  more  than  fifty  cents  per  thousand  feet,  which  our  readers  will 
recollect,  is  the  cost  of  making  it  at  Southport  and  other  English  towns. 
If  this  be  the  case,  and  from  what  we  saw  we  cannot  doubt  it,  gas 
geneiated  out  of  this  substance,  by  his  method,  can  bw  furnished  to  the 
OiMusumers  at  not  to  exceed  one  dollar  and  a  half  per  thousand  cubic  feet, 
and  leave  besides  a  large  profit  to  the  manufacturer.  His  apparatus  is 
admirably  adapted  to  the  lighting  of  public  houses,  theatres,  &o.,  and 
where  the  gas  fixtures  are  owned  by  the  occupant  of  the  building,  it 
can  be  substituted,  as  a  generator,  at  very  trifling  expense.  It  requires 
no  more  science  to  operate  it  than  to  boil  a  tea  kettle." 


pimn- 


I*' 


mm 


simple. 
y  io  tro- 
ll is  re- 
»duction 
md  may 

i  is  ren* 
3d  in  the 

retained 

heapest, 


>ing  dis- 
at  New 
ted  with 
ned  and 
allowing 
e  public 

)0. 

I  of  retorts 
ch  is  very 
f  which  he 
aidad,  and 
)y  us,  one 
liout  being 
ith  a  less 
lompanies. 
,  at  a  cost 
iaders  will 
iish  towns, 
ibt  it,  gas 
ihed  to  the 
cubic  feet^, 
)paratus  is 
9,  &o.,  and 
tuilding,  it 
It  requires 


PATENT   KEB08ENB  GAl.  ^ 

FYom  the  JWw  York  Journal  of  Commerce  of  Feb.  Ut»  1850. 

u'*"?f  ■  ?*■.*»«'  ^^s  discovered  a  new  illuminating  aw.  which  hm  •«!•{ 
bited  last  night  at  No.  93.  Liberty  Slreet.  in  thrpresencT  of  a  ^ISSf: 
Wi^/hfT  T*'^^"!  distinguifhed  for'  tWrVcfeTfio  attaSSe^'^ 
With  the  use  of  a  retort  recently  invented  by  him,  in  which  he  nlaJJ?; 

n"h5.n'*""/",'r  "^^T"^^  P^'*'^'  «b*»i"«J  from  thriglind  of  Trii! 
a«i  he  succeeded  in  producing  in  about  twenty  minutes,  near  six  oaWa 
feet  of  gas  that  burned  with  unusual  brilliancy-Hufficiert  tJ  .n««ll 
one  burner  four  hours.    The  Doctor  states  thaf  gas  caTbe VrZh^ 

Sa  ir  t^dT  '^  "^''-'  ^'^  «^^-«  o?^mrftW^?lC".! 
Correspondence  of  the  Journal  of  Commerce  of  Jan' y.  26/A  1850 

hp|;?:?i^s^^^^^^^^^^ 

the  end  of  exorbitant  c&arges  for  Gas  was  at  hand  DiTelne/t  dj^^ 
tinguished  professor  of  Nova  Scotia,  being  on  board  thrAdS*.  -».?« 
on  the  northerly  coast  of  America,  made  the  discovery  of  aS^^^^^ 

JatVn^Jr'Iu^?^'"  S^^P'^'^''^  otl^«r  noxiousTngre/ientJ.-l'TSr 
taming  treble  the  quantity  of  Gas  to  be  found  in  anv  descrintion  nf  «n.i 
-and  much  cheaper  than  the  latte?  in  actual  prici^   To  SaWe  him  to 
ment?^'/i,?'T'  ^^  Producing  Gas  from  this  substance,  some  mp^vj! 
ment  in  the  mode  of  using  the  usual  apparatus  was  necessarv  and  hi 
ing  invented  by  him.  was,  as  well  as  thV^discovery,  dSr  Ste^^^ 
in  Europe  and  this  country.    As  an  opportunit/will  soon  braffordl^ 
to  editors  and  men  of  scie/ce  to  view  tYe  operation  of  the  PrSSwr^ 
new  apparatus,  no  details  are  necessary  at  present.  ^'orM»ori 

It  may  be  said,  however,  briefly,  that, 

9?'    m?**  ^*  *^  inexhaustible  in  quantity. 

dd.    That,  against  a  charge  of  coal,  that  is  eieht  hours  in  bein»AAn 
verted  into  Gas,  this  material  takes  btit  two  hou?s  being  con- 

A      A  « ,     V\®  experiments  le^t  evening,  while  one  nound  of  Pft*!  n»« 

fiml'    J^«  re«i<*'i"»'  or  ooke,  is  suflBcient  for  ample  fuel. 
«».5  •^;i,^''  ^''".®°''  °'^®'*  purifier  seems  necessary:  none  such  wan 

zth ""  n  d?rnn?r*''  T'  ^'^  *^^^«  ^°^  unpleasai^  smeU  whaLe" 
thIoW  system' ^°''"''''^'^'°"  Fpes,-amost  serious  expense  uX 

Consumers  of  Gas,  think  of  these  advantages,  and  be  cheerful    Comn 
forward  and  form  a  new  company  at  once.         »*"«"«  cae«"«i.   Oome 

From  the  New  York  Journal  of  Commerce,  FeVy.  iik,  1850 

ye?r\?X^>n^7thTEt?r^^^^^^ 

provement  of  the  sugar  and  coffee  estates  ?n  the  WesUndies     AmiSi 

other  substances  proposed  to  be  converted  into  manure  foJ  their  JJ«^ 

iryre^anTdVctrs^^^^^^^^     *'^  ^'^'^^  ^'"'"^  LaTeTxVfnldl'i^o'JS: 
,iL  nf  r    decompose  the  bitumen,  or  asphaltum,  and  to  conduct  as* 
ma  of  experiments  upon  the  material  Jn  reference  to  agriculture?  ^i 


ite'^'llMWSSS?^ 


// 


•  PATENT    KKROSCNE   OAI. 

BmI  emplojed  Dr.   Gesner,  a  Professor  of  Chemistry  and  Oeology, 
whese  name  has  become  familiar  to  men  of  science  in  this  country 

In  conducting  his  experiments,  the  Professor,  it  appears,  soon  ob- 
■eryed,  that  by  dry-distillation,  bitumen  or  asphaltura,  like  coal,  or 
rosin,  wajs  capable  of  yielding  large  quantities  of  oarburetted  and  bi- 
carbutted  hydrogen  gases,  now  universally  employed  for  the  supply  of 
light.  But  from  its  peculiar  nature,  there  was  a  difficulty  in  applying 
this  material  to  that  purpose  by  any  known  process  of  manufacture.  Dr 
Uesner,  however,  has  succeeded  in  the  invention  of  a  retort  which  over- 
comes every  obstacle,  and  renders  the  mode  of  making  illuminating 
gas  from  asphaltum,  extremely  easy  and  simple.  The  cheapness  of  this 
article,  its  abundance,  and  the  greatquantity  of  gas  it  affords,  render  it 
a  rival  to  coal,  rosin,  and  every  other  hydro-carbon  heretofore  emnloy. 
ed  to  supply  light.  *^    ' 

From  the  Now- York  Evening  Post,  Feb.  1,  1850. 
OKflwcR's  Illuminatinq  Gas.— a  new  illuminating  gas,  and  a  pe 
cuhar  retort  necessary  to  its  production,  have  been  discovered  and 
patented  by  Dr. Gesner,  a  distinguished  chemist,  of  Halifax,  now  in  the 
employ  of  the  British  Government.  The  gas  is  made  from  bitumen, 
sometimes  called  asphaltum,  or  mineral  pitch,  which  Dr.  Gesner  says 
exists  in  inexhaustible  quantities  m  Trinidad  and  other  West  India 
islands,  and  probably  in  the  southern  states  of  the  Union.  This  mate- 
rial, it  IS  said,  can  be  supplied  at  a  much  cheaper  rate  than  coal,  oil,  or 
rosin,  now  used  to  produce  gas  light,  and  it  affords  more  than  double 
the  quantity  of  illuminating  gas  than  the  coal  employed  for  that  pur- 
pose. The  gas  is  also  said  to  be  more  pure  and  dense  than  that  obtained 
from  coal,  and  the  light  superior.  By  the  introduction  of  the  discover- 
er 8  patent  retort  into  common  gas  works,  it  is  calculated  that  the  cost 
of  manufacture  may  be  reduced  two-thirds.  The  manner  of  burning 
18  that  practised  universally.  The  simplicity  of  the  ^apparatus  and 
mode  of  manufacture,  are  such  that  this  gas  may  be  successfully  made 
m  public  and  private  buildings.  Every  house  may  have  its  retort  and 
gasometer,  and  the  gas  may  be  made  by  the  fire  of  the  kitchen  range 
Bitumen  has  not  heretofore  been  applied  to  any  useful  purpose,  to  any 

We  saw  some  experiments  made  with  this  gas  last  evening  at  the 
residence  of  Dr.  Gesner,  No..93  Liberty  street,  where  he  has  erected  a 
temporary  apparatus  for  the  purpose  of  exhibiting  his  discovery  to  any 
body  that  may  feel  the  least  interest  in  th'e  matter.  About  one  pound 
of  rude  bitumen  was  enclosed  in  a  retort  in  a  common  stove,  from  which 
a  pipe  led  into  a  small  tin  reservoir  where  the  gas  was  condensed, 
and  afterwards  passed  into  another  tin  vessel  that  served  for  a  gasom- 
eter. In  a  few  minutes  the  heat  of  the  stove  generated  about  six  cubic 
feet  of  gas,  which,  without  purification  or  cleansing  in  any  manner, 
supplied  two  large  burners  with  brilliant  and  unflickering  light  for  two 
hours.  The  flame  was  perfectly  clear  and  steady,  and  the  whole  appa- 
ratus and  process  of  an  extreme  simplicity. 

Dr.  Gesner  intimates  that  one  hundred  cubic  feet  of  this  gas  will  cost 
about  five  cents.  Gas  is  now  sold  at  the  rate  of  forty  cents  per  one 
hundred  cubic  feet. 

From  the  New- York  Express,  Feb.  1, 1860 
A  New  Illuminating  Gas.— We  were  last  night  witnesses  of  a  very 
interesting  experiment,  in  the  manufacture  of  a  new  inflammable  gas  of 


mmu 


Oeology, 
itry. 

loon  ob- 
>  coal,  or 
[  and  bi- 
supply  of 

applying 
ture.  Dr. 
lich  oTer- 
iminating 
iss  of  this 

render  it 
}  employ- 


and  a  pe 
»red  and 
ow  in  the 
bitumen, 
nor  says 
'est  India 
his  mate- 
al,  oil,  or 
n  double 
that  par- 
obtained 
discover- 
the  cost 
burning 
atus  ana 
lly  made 
;tort  and 
in  range, 
e,  to  any 

g  at  the 
srecied  a 
py  to  any 
le  pound 
tm  which 
ndensed, 
a  gasom- 
lix  cubic 
manner, 
t  for  two 
)le  appa- 

will  cost 
per  one 


of  a  very 
le  gas  of 


PATENT  KEROSENE   OAS.  ^ 

remarkable  brilliancy,  by  Dr.  Gesner.  of  Halifax,  Nora  Scotia  a 
chemist  of  8ome  reputation  also  in  Europe.  Dr.  Gesner  has  discotwed 
this  new  gas  and  has  taken  out  letters  patent  for  it7apDlioiItroB 
and  a  proper  apparatus  for  its  manufacture.^  This  gas  s  obtJfnid  from 
Bitumen  Asphultum,  or  Mineral  Pitch,  very  abundSy  foundTn  thS 
maes  TLm.?f^-'A"^"K'^"^  the  Southern  territory^f  the  Uni  Sd 
or  rnt-n  I.  1 T* •  ""ll^ ''"''  be  supplied  at  a  much  lower  rate  than  ooal 
or  rosin,  and  It  yields  more  than  double  the  quantity  of  eras  than  th« 
Xo  Z^t  bVthr"''  f-V)'".°>inati„g  purposes'  The  Wr  inform^^^^ 
all  mH^  Y  "',®  °^  ^"f  ""P»ov«d  retort,  the  cost  of  manufaoturinR 
Srur  tL  If"^""'''  two-th  rds.  As  the  material  used  contains  no  si? 
&Mn;nf  1  /'  ^^'"Vkab  y  pure,  and  as  it  is  much  more  dense  than 
that  obtained  from  coal,  it  has  higher  illuminating  powers.     The  UAi 

IZtT-  ^"^  -Tf" y  .'°^*'  "°^  "^  '^^  *«o  P«^«»-^"l  for  the  eye.  while  it  Si 
much  higher  illuminating  qualities  than  the  gas  now  generally  in  UM 

Work,'  rr^'''"7l."*?  °"^y  ^^^^^-"^-^  ''^'^"ired  i^Te  commiS  G- 
tT«  tJJL  •^''  "'?  ?^>^®  inventor's  retort,  which  contains  the  charge  of 
the  material,  and  is  introduced  into  the  retort  now  employed  * 

r»iZ:.,T''\  ^  e^^.Periments  last  evening,  were  made  fn  his  own  apart- 
ments  at  his  boarding  house,  No.  93  Liberty  street.     The  apparatus  used 

Tnd  a  ;iT/i'  K.'^^r?^^'  ^''^'  '^'''  "°^  '""««'  '^"d  contain?Sg  about  S^ 
wAl  •  J  '?  ^r*  ""L^^^:.  ^^«"*  ''  P^""^»  of  Bitumen,  obtained,  Jo 
we  are  informed,  from  Trinidad,  was  placed  in  the  Retort  and  in  fifteen 

Tiri  3, r';.'  '^'  Gasometer  was  filled,  and  the  article  ready  ?or  use 
♦iTI  V^  -.V  i"^®  f'"'*  "^V^'  ^"^^  remarkably  clear  and  white,  and  al- 
l«.  5.L'i  °?*  .?v'''''^  through  any  purifying  process  whatever,  it 
was  much  more  brilliant  than  the  coal  gas  now  ufed  in  New- York  The 
Srv'JnnLI?''  f  "'*^  '''i  ^^^  H*"*^™'*^^  sni>f\ied  two  burners  of  the  ordin- 
^oI:T:11  burn:f  ^  ^^  ^""^'  '^^"«  ^'  *^^^  ^^*«  °^  '^°  -^^  ^««t  an 
Dr.  Gesner  informs  us  that  this  gas  can  be  furnished  as  low  as  fiva 

be?te?to  .^o?^^\^  '''''''  ''.'•l'  ^^*^°"S^* '''  '^"^^^  «i^  cents  in  oTder^hl 
l!.  fw?^  ^),^  expenditures.  The  same  fixtures,  pipes,  burners. 
&c.,  that  are  used  now  can  answer  for  his  gas,  the  only  alteration  in 
Jrn m  dn  * '  i^^^^f  ^^^  being  the  use  of  his  patent  Retort.^  A  reduction 

es??J  to  t  tn '"i'/''*  ^"I'^^^'f  ''i^^^  ^««*'  ''  '^  desideratum  most  earn^ 
JlZ  ^  ^®  ^T"*  fo'*'  '^^d  we  doubt  not  that  our  citizens  in  the  present 
state  of  agitation  upon  this  subject  will  give  Dr.  Gesner  a  call 

From  tlie  Scientific  American  of  Feb.  9th,  1850- 

^    New  Kind  of  Gxs.-Prof.  Gesner  has  discovered  a  new  illuminat- 
ing  gas  and  exhibited    ast  week  at  No.  93  Liberty  street,  in  thToUy 
in  the  presence  of  gentlemen,  somewhat  distinguished  for  their  sS* 
tifio  attainments.     With  the  use  of  a  retort  recently  inven  ed  by  him 

S/T^uii"'  ft°  •'^M  "^n^  '^  ^^^^^'^^^  °^  ^i^^'^^l  Pitoh.  obtaineJ  from 
the  Island  of  Trinidad,  he  succeeded  in  producing  in  about  twenty 

i^in^v"''  ''ffi''-^^  f?  "^'^^^  ^^^^  ''^  «*«  that  burned  with  unusual  brif- 
liancy-sufficient  to  supply  one  burner  four  hours.  The  Doctor  sava 
that  gas  can  be  furnished  in  this  manner  possessing  a  much  hijrher  H- 
luminating  power  than  that  now  in  use,  and  at  a  much  lower  rate  Bv 
introducing  his  patent  retort  into  common  gas-works,  the  expense  of 
manufacture  he  says,  will  be  reduced  two-thirds.  Dr.  Gesner'^has  obf 
tamed  a  patent  for  his  invention,  as  will  be  seen  by  reference  to  an- 
other  column  of  this  paper. 


■  ^^Wfefcirrsirtt*. 


(/ 


PATENT    EBROIENB   GAS. 


From  the  Ilulifax  Nuva  Scofian  of  Marrk  20t/<,  1850. 
Dr.  Qesivcr'h  DiscovRRir. — We  are  glad  to  learn  that  th«  new  d«- 
•eription  of  0 as,  produced  from  Aaphaltum,  is  winning  its  way  into 
fftTOur  with  oar  citizens.  This  material  is  to  be  found  in  abundanot 
all  oTer  America,  and  it  is  said  immense  quantities  can  be  procured  in 
this  Prorince.  Dr.  Qesner  is  kept  busily^  employed  explaining  the  na- 
ture of  his  discovery,  and  exhibiting  the  light  to  the  curious  in  such 
matters.  For  a  trifling  sum,  say  twenty-five  or  thirty  dollars,  the 
whole  apparatus,  including  retort,  gasometer,  &o,,  may  beset  up  in  a 

fmblic  building,  and  the  cost  of  lighting  the  whole  would  not  exceed  a 
^w  pence  per  night.  To  une  the  Doctor's  words—  there  is  no  science 
about  it :  the  hall  stove  will  manufacture  the  gas,  and  the  girl  that 
■weeps  the  house  may  keep  it  in  order.  The  exhibitions,  thus  far, 
have  been  in  the  highest  degree  satisfactory  ;  the  light  being  remark- 
ably brilliant,  even  without  the  usual  purifying  process  of  the  Oas- 
house.  The  light  of  one  burner,  of  the  ordinary  size,  has  been  ascer- 
tained to  be  by  actual  experiment,  equal  to  six  tallow  candles.  There 
is  also  another  striking  peculiarity  in  the  new  gas,  it  being  of  a  green 
color  which  is  well  known  to  be  Trateful  to  the  eye.  This  property 
was  not  observed  by  Dr.  Qesner  ntil  pointed  out  by  the  New  York 
Professers.  It  is  gratifying  to  le  .'n  that  this  gas  is  likely  to  get  into 
extensive  use  at  New  York  and  Oiiier  American  cities.  Dr.  Qesner's 
son  is  now  fitting  up  in  the  former  jity,  to  burn  the  article,  and 
to  use  the  Aaphaltum.  We  also  learn  that  it  is  in  conteuiplation 
to  light  the  Halifax  Hotel  by  the  same  means.  And  if  it  be  true  that 
the  article  can  be  produced  at  the  rate  of  three  ahillinf'a  per  M.  feet  it 
cannot  fail  to  benefit  consumers  of  gas  generally.  It  is  even  asserted 
by  many  that  already  has  the  city  felt  the  influence  of  competition,  in 
being  supplied  with  gas  of  a  better  quality. 

From  tlui  Halifax  British  Colonist  ofFeb'ry  Q6th,  18.50. 

Gesner's  Patent  KEROSjay^ Q  as. — Dr.  Qesner  has  obtained  a 
patent  for  his  discovery  TlrtKe  Umted  States,  and  as  we  understand,  is 
now  proceeding  with  the  British  Provinces  and  England.  It  is  only  a 
few  aays  since  this  new  gas  light  was  first  publicly  exhibited  in  New 
York,  where  the  leading  Journals  and  men  of  science  have  pronounced 
high  commendations  in  its  favour.  It  is  stated  to  be  admirably  adapted 
to  the  illumination  of  single  buildings,  on  account  of  its  cheapness  and 
the  simplicity  of  the  mode  of  manufacture.  One  of  the  New  York 
editors  states  "  that  it  requires  no  more  skill  than  to  boil  a  teakettle." 
The  Doctor  has  proposed  that  in  winter  the  gas  shall  be  made  in  the 
furnace  used  to  supply  hot  air  where  hot  air  is  employed.  In  other 
oases  the  heat  necessary  to  produce  the  gas  may  be  distributed  through 
houses  by  the  stove  pipes  in  common  use. — The  gas  itself  may  be  made 
in  the  kitchen.  Light  and  heat  are  produced  by  the  same  process  of 
manufacture.  If  these  are  not  the  true  applications  of  science  we  are 
mistaken.  Dr.  Qesner  has  already  ordered  a  retort  and  gasometer  to 
be  made  in  this  city.  The  public  may  therefore  expect  to  be  further 
enlightened  jon.  the  subject  soon.  At  this  we  rejoice,  for  we  believe 
that  the  time  is  an  hand  when  we  shall  have  cheaper  gas  and  more 
light.  Indeed  the  street  lights  seem  to  burn  with  greater  brilliancy 
already. 

From  the  Halifax  Sun  of  March  the  I8tk  1850. 

Dr.  Qesner's  discovery,  if  practically  applied  in  Halifax,  will  be  very 
likely  to  throw  the  present  Gas  Manufacturers  far  in  the  shade.    The 


wm 


PATENT    KBROHBNB    OAS.  7 

present  ratea  for  Qm,  are  ruinous  to  consumors— especially  to  thost 
who  use  many  burners.  The  man  who  will  giTe  us  a  cheaper  light.  w« 
•hall  hail  at  a  public  benefactor.  The  light  has  been  tested  by  prl?at« 
exhibition— and  approved  of.  Its  cheapness  is  manifest  beyondf dispatc, 
hj  the  cost  of  production.  Is  there  public  spirit  euough  in  the  oomma- 
mtv  to  give  it  a  public  trial .'  It  is  folly  to  tallt  of  a  thing  as  useful 
and  cheap,  if  we  cannot  avail  oursolres  of  it.     If,  howerer,  it  be  within 


cheap, 
our  reach,  let  us  grasp  it. 


From  the  Acadian  Recorder  (Halifaxj  of  Feb' if  IQth,  1850. 

Gcstter's  Patbnt  Kerosene  (iAs.—In  our  last  we  made  an  ab- 
stract from  the  New  York  Journal  of  Commerce,  in  reference  to  Dr 
Oesner's  discovery  of  a  new  illuminating  gas,  of  which  the  leadine 
Journals  of  the  Empire  City,  spealc  in  terms  of  the  highest  commenda- 
tion.  As  our  space  would  not  permit  us  to  complete  the  article  in 
question,  we  now  give  in  another  column,  the  substance  of  a  communi- 
cation made  by  Dr.  Gesner,  to  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  of 
Philadelphm,  of  which  he  is  an  honorary  member  and  which  yery 
olearly.indicates  the  value  of  the  discovery  of  our  countryman,  who  is 
now  about  to  be  amply  rewarded  for  many  years  of  hard  toil  in  the 
field  of  science. 

Assuming  to  be  correct,  the  opinion  which  has  been  expressed  by 

gentlemen  of  distinction  in  the  rank-  of  science  in  the  United  States, 
lector  Gesner'B  scheme  of  generating  artificial  light  possesses  such  ad- 
yantages  as  must  bring  it  into  general  use.  We  are  not  apt  to  decide 
upon  the  merits  of  Inventions  before  trial,  but  we  can  readily  belieye 
that  better  gas  may  be  drawn,  at  less  expense,  from  bitumen  than  coal 
Some  attempts  to  cheapen  the  price  of  light  ought  to  be  made  immedi- 
ately in  this  city.  Although  our  G  as  Company  have  realized  handsome 
dividends  from  their  speculation  for  some  time  past,  they  charge  con- 
sumers now  as  high  as  seven  years  ago.  Neither  is  this  the  only  com- 
Slamt  that  consumers  make,  for  it  is  generally  alleged  that  the  gas 
oes  not  aflford  so  bright  a  light  as  formerly,  but  it  burns  faster,  or  the 
meter  indicates  a  larger  consumption  of  late  than  in  corresponding  quar- 
ters of  previous  years.  The  sole  reason  why  an  opposition  company  is 
delayed  is,  we  believe,  the  hardness  of  the  times. 

From  the  Halifax  Hun  of  March  13th,  1850 
MoEE  Light.— The  vast  superiority  of  the  newly  discovered  Kero- 
scene  Gas,  patented  by  Dr.  Gesner,  is  unquestionable.  It  has  been  by 
experiments,  proved  to  be  infinitely  preferable  to  Coal  Gas,  in  all  the 
material  points  of  cheapness,  purity,  and  safety.  Competent  Judges 
in  the  community  have  tested  it  upon  those  points,  and  have  expressed 
their  entire  satisfaction.  We  trust  that  a  movement  well  be  at  once 
made  towards  bringing  this  valuable  article  into  common  use  amonirst 
us.  The  City  might  be  lighted  with  the  gas  at  least  twenty -five  per 
cent  cheaper  to  the  public.  Come  you  old  fellows  at  the  South  End, 
pile  on  your  coals  and  dawn  on  our  darkness,  or  we  fear  it  is  all  over 
with  your  monopoly. 

From  the  Halifax  Guardian. 
The  New  Light  feom  Bitumen.— An  opportunity  has  been  af- 
forded our  citizens  during  the  past  week  to  examine  the  process  of 
manufacture,  the  quality,  &c. ,  of  the  Kerosene  Gas  Light  lately  patent- 
ed in  this  Province  and  elsewhere  by  Dr.  Gesner.    An  apartment  has 


t  %- 


I 


8 


PATBNT  KEROSENE    GAS. 


been  fitted  up  for  the  occasion  at  Mrs.  Loveland's  building,  corner  of 
HoUis  and  Sackville  streets,  which  has  been  nightly  thronged  \sii\i  en- 
quiring yisitors  to  whom  the  Doctor  amply  oxplainod  the  various  par- 
ticulars incidental  to  the  new  product.    The  fullest  satisfaction  appears 
to  have  been  giren.  and  the  highest  anticipation  of  the  beholders  as  re- 
gards the  brilliancy  and  beauty  of  the  light  seems  to  have  been  reali- 
zed.   We  understand  that  a  Bill  is  now  before  the  Legislature  for  the 
incorporation  of  a  Kerosene  Gas  Company,  with  a  view  to  bring  the 
new  article  into  use  in  the  neighbouring  town  of  Dartmouth  as  well  as 
in  this  city.    It  can  be  supplied  to  consumers,  we  are  assured,  at  a  price 
oonsideiably  below  that  of  the  ordinary  coal  gap.    If  all  that  we  hear 
on  the  subject  be  true,  its  introduction  will  be  hailed  as  a  boon  by  our 
citizens  of  all  classes. 


The  following  is  the  substance  of  a  letter  addressed  to 
the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences.  Philadelphia. 

"  It  is  remarkable,  that  so  rich  a  hydro-carbon  as  asphaltum,  should 
have  been  so  long  overlooked,  in  reference  to  its  capabilities  for  af- 
fording light.  It  had  been  tried  for  fuel,  pavements,  and  for  other 
purposes,  both  in  Europe  and  the  United  States,  but  without  success, 
For  what  purpose  nature  had  formed  such  vast  qua,ntitie3  of  bituminous 
matter,  which  still  continue  to  flow  from  the  earth,  was  a  problem  not 
readily  solved,  until  this  discovery,  which  brings  it  into  operation  /or 
illuminating  purposes,  to  which  it  is  admirably  adapted. 

•'In  the  analysis  given  by  the  chemists  of  Europe,  of  the  bitumen  of 
Trinidad,  there  is  a  great  diversity.  Some  have  stated  that  it  contains 
30  and  even  30  per  cent,  of  silex,  when  in  fact  it  seldom  contains  10 
per  cent  of  silica.  The  specimens  submitted  to  their  investigations 
must  have  been  taken  from  the  beach  forming  the  great  pitch  lagoon 
of  the  Island,  where  the  sand  of  the  shore  is  frequently  mixed  with  the 
bitumen. 

Comparative  Analysis   of  Coal  and  Bitumen. 

Volaiile  Matter.  Coke,  or  Carbon. 

Bitumen  of  Trinidad 65,5 36,67 

Barbados 61,60 36,90 

Cuba. 63,00 34,97 

Yucatan 62,60 35,20 

New  Brunswick 64,40 35,10 

Nova  Scotia 63,00 39,00 

Coal,  best  Cannel 44,00 52,60 

Liverpool 40,48 54,90 

"  In  consequence  of  the  sulphur  contained  in  coal,  the  bulk  of  its 
gases  is  increased,— sulphuretted  hydrogen  and  sulphurous  acid  are 
produced.  These  compounus  of  sulphur  are  injurious  to  the  illumina- 
ting powers  of  the  gas,  and  increase  its  oflFensiveness.  Coal  also  con- 
tains nitrogen,  which  ?;oes  to  the  production  of  aramonii.eal  liquor  in  the 
gas  works.  Now  the  bitumen  seldom  contains  sulphur  or  nitrogen,  and 
therefore  its  gas  is  free  from  sulphuretted  hydrogen,  sulphurous  acid, 
cyanogen,  sulpho-cyanogen  and  ammonia. 

"  It  will  be  readily  perceived  by  the  above  analysis,  that  as  bitumen 
contains  a  much  greater  quantity  of  volatile  matter  than  the  best  coal 
»nd  is  free  from  thoss  substances  which  increasi;  the  quantity,  but 


corner  of 
1  with  en- 
•ious  par- 
>n  appears 
iers  as  rs- 
een  reali- 
e  for  the 
bring  the 
as  well  as 
at  a  price 
\,  we  hear 
)n  by  our 


;ssed  to 


m,  should 
es  for  af- 
for  other 
t  success 
ituminous 
oblem  not 
ration  /or 

itnmen  of 
t  contains 
ntains  10 
stigations 
ih  lagoon 
[  with  the 


Carbon. 

.67 

,90 

,97 

,20 

.10 

,00 

,60 

,90 

Ik  of  its 
acid  are 
illumina- 
ilso  con- 
Lor  in  the 
)gen,  and 
)us  acid, 

bitumen 
best  coal 
tity,  but 


PATENT    KEROSENE    GAS.  9 

deteriorate  the  quality  of  coal  gas,  if  is  beyond  comparison  better 
adapted  to  the  manufacture  of  illuminating  gas ;  and  this  fact,  so  man- 
ifest  in  the  analysis  of  the  two  substances,  is  fully  proved  in  practice. 
When  bitumen  is  melted,  either  in  a  closed  retort  or  in  the  Spen  air. 
It  readily  separates  Itself  from  its  earthy  impurities,  and  being  cooled 
It  acquires  a  bright  glistening  lustre.     The  material  thus  prepared 
partakes  of  the  characters  of  oil  and  wax,  from  which  circumstance 
^-^.^Ig..°2.Ueljt.^grgj>gne.     This  preparation,  however,  is  not  neces- 
sary previous  to  its  being  made  into  gas,  for  the  crude  material  sends 
off  Its  gas  with  great  facility. 

^  '^  Again,  the  compounds  of  sulphur  produced  in  coal  gas  manufacto- 
l«^'  "i?^  I  ?''^^*^y  dimmish  its  illai.iinating  properties,  but  they  cor- 
rode  the  metals,  from  the  instant  they  enter  the  retorts  until  they  are 
consumed  in  the  remotest  burners.  The  oflFensivenes.  of  these  gases  ii 
well  known  in  New  York,  where  they  are  constantly  destroying  the 
pipes ;  and,  entering  the  surrounding  earth,  they  saturate  it  with  nox- 
ious and  unwholesome  matter.  "  «i«."  uux 

-  Ji^-^VI^'"*""^  ii™^.  ^''''  !''®  ^'*='P^  ^^  *^«  «*s  from  a  retort  filled  with 
coal,  IS  8  hours  During  that  period  the  retort  must  be  kept  at  a  bright 
red  neat,  and  labour  and  fuel  are  in  constant  requisition  The  eas 
from  the  same  quantity  of  bitumen  would  be  fully  discharged  in  two 
hours,  whereby  a  saving  of  three  quarters  would  be  effected  in  fuel  and 
labour,  by  Its  use  instead  of  coal.  As  the  bitumen  also  yields  double 
the  quantity  of  gag,  there  is  a  saving  of  one-half  in  the  labour  of  han- 
factories*  °^*  ®'^^"^-    ®"^^'  '*®°^^  ^^®  "^  S^'^^'  consequence  in  large  manu- 

,;m^f«-?  ^^/.P*^'  quantity  of  gas  afforded  by  the  bitumen,  and  the 
simplicity  of  Its  manufacture  by  my  patent  retort,  it  may  be  readily 
and  eheaply  made  m  public  and  private  buildings,  by  ordinary  domes- 
tics. 

*?  n '""l  «^«?''*^  ^"  Y'^}  y^«^^  of  g«s,                12  cubic  feet. 

1  Id.  of  Rosin  (statistics  of  coal  K.  C.  Taylor)    7  " 

1  lb  of  Cannel  coal  (Dr.  Ure) *4  •«                 ^^ 

■  1  lb.  Coal  (Liverpool)  bituminous .'2J70  " 

1  it.  Bitumen  (by  patent  retort) 5,25  to  7  " 

"  The  price  of  oil  will  always  exclude  it  from  being  employed  in  the 
manufacture  of  gas  The  oil  gas  consumed  in  the  city  of  Washington, 
w  sold  at  $6  per  1000  cubic  feet,  auingion, 

"  Rosin  yields  a  large  quantity  of  gas ;  but  it  is  a  vegetable  produc- 
-i!^'  ^.\.  "^'"S.l?  ^"PP^y  °?^y  ^^  certain  periods.  It  has  maintained  no 
competi,.iou  with  coal ;  and  probably  the  whole  crop  of  a  country  in  a 
year,  would  not  light  the  city  of  New  York  for  the  same  period  Its 
cost  will  always  prevent  its  general  use  for  making  gas.  The  material 
to  supply  light  must  be  cheap  and  inexhaustible.  These  requirements 
are  only  met  by  bitumen  and  coal.  ^ 

TT  '-J^S^a.^^^®^  P^^J  ^^  *^^  ^^^  ^^^  consumed  in  Great  Britain  and  the 
united  States,  is  obtained  from  common  bituminous  coal,  the  average 
product  of  SIX  varieties  of  which  is  2.70  cubic  feet  from  the  pound,  with 
a  specific  gravity  of  0.529.  Tho  illuuinating  power  of  these  gases  is 
proportional  to  their  specific  gravity.  e  ■ 

"Bitumen  of  the  poorest  quality  gives  five  cubic  feet  to  the  pound. 
with  a  specific  gravity  of  0.720.    Therefore  the  illuminating  powe^ 

*  Rosin  oil  yields  about  soven  rubic  feet  to  the  pound. 


10 


PATENT   KEROSENE    GAS. 


r 


of  the  ^as  from  a  pound  of  bitumen,  is  to  that  obtained  from  a  pound  of 

rli'^ZX^l't^elo^^^^^^^^  the  inhabitants  of  the  city  of  New 

York  would  save  lji!74.000  a  year,  in  the  quantity  of  gas  they  now  con- 
sume by  using  bitumen  instead  of  coal  for  gas,  m  the  cost  of  material 
S  This  saving  would  be  independent  of  the  cost  required  to  manu- 
?i2re  coi  gIs?\rcompared  w'ith  that  derived  from  kerosene,  or 
bitumen,  and  the  light  would  be  far  superior  to  that  "^w  »uppl^d 

"'The  cost  of  the  material  (coal)  that  now  supplies  gas  f%  New  York, 
must  be  estimated  at  $1  for  every  1000  cubic  ^^^^  f  gas  The  b^tu™^^^^^ 
mav  be  abundantly  supplied  at  a  lower  price.  At  a  moderate  calcuia- 
Son  by  substituting  bitumen  for  coal,  the  gas  may  be  supplied  to  the 
consumer  at  less  tLn  one  half  of  its  present  costand  tje  manufac- 
turer .till  make  a  profit.  By  using  bitumen  and  thepatent  retort, 
Slctual  c"st  of  maSaciure  of  100  cubic  feet  of  gas  need  not  exceed 

*^''"  It  has  been  long  since  ascertained  that  that  is  the  most  valuable 
for  gis.  all  othV  thi^^  be;ugequal,which  yields  its  gas  in  the  shortest 

"4ir  iiTq^iry^^t^^ii'p^rn- 

Rhiindance  of  this  mineral  along  the  whole  coast  of  South  America, 
Mexico  and  Texas,  it  abounds  in  the  Island  of  Cuba,  where  a  single 
JJraTm.  six  miles  from  Havana,  is  no  less  than  144  feet  in  perpendicu- 

^"^ »  T>eS?of  the  bitumen  of  Barbadoes,  Mr,  Taylor  says :  /'  It  could 
be  employe!  in  th^  production  of  gas,  of  which  it  would  furnish  a  large 
«r,nntUvof  a  very  rich  quality  even  exceeding  that  ofCoaL  ine 
best  foJ  that  purpose  hitherto  known."  But  no  discovery  had  beeu 
made  by  Xh  thU  material  could  be  applied  to  the  general  purposes 
S  illumirtion,  until  thejpresent.  The  above  author  states  page  251, 
that  "  We  know  not  if  any  practicable  employment  of  a  m moral  sub- 
ttelrerasTonishingV' abundont,  has  y/^  been  engaged  or  u^^^^^^^^ 
♦oi/on  Tt  was  surelv  not  placed  there  in  vain.  ilie  discovery  auu 
Improvement  no;^SSuc^     call  into  operation  this  hitherto  worthless 

'"u'ln^makine  this  communication,  I  have  studiously  avoided  many 
analyticrSils  which  fall  within  the  range  of  chemistry-my  own 
Sss'on.-knowing  that  everything  in  which  the  interest  of  the  pub- 

heretofore  employed  for  illuminating  purposes. 

Since  the   foregoing   communication    was  made,    the 
Patentee  has  rendered  his  gas  apparatus  more  simple  and 


iMi. 


Statistics  of  coal,  by  R.  C  Taylor  :  J.  W.  Moore.  193rChe.tnut-.treet,  Philadelphia 


u 

<u 

a 

%•> 

9 

J3 

4-> 

V 

—» 

<u 

00 

a 

CO 

t< 

C( 

(( 

Bi 

<( 

Bi 

a  pound  of 

ity  of  New 
r  now  con- 
>f  material 
id  to  manu- 
sroaene,  or 
)plied. 
New  York, 
le  bitumen 
ite  calcula- 
ilied  to  the 
B  manufac- 
mt  retort, 
not  exceed 

5t  valuable 
he  shortest 
ainent. 
•ces  of  bitu- 
ly  referring 
of  bitumen 
hat  author. 
Besides  the 
,h  America, 
ere  a  single 
perpendicu- 

:  "  It  could 
nish  a  large 
oal"  "The 
y  had  been 
ral  purposes 
8,  page  261, 
liner al  sub- 
sd,  or  under- 
iscovery  and 
to  worthless 

roided  many 
ry — my  own 
t  of  the  pub- 
stigation.  I 
5t  confidence 
tiftB  and  vil- 
Eiterial  never 


nade,    the 
simple  and 

t,  Pbilailelphia 


"T 


PATENT   KEROSENE   GAS, 


11 


perfect.  The  gas  now  produced  is  compared  below  with 
the  medium  quality  of  coal  gas,  as  reported  in  a  paper  laid 
before  a  committee  of  the  House  of  Commons,  shewing 
the  relative  values  of  gasses. 


a 
hi 

a 

4> 


a 

CO 


i-H 

ai 

a 

4> 


(< 
(( 
<( 


Coal 

Bitumen 

Bitumen 


o 
> 

CO 

i» 
be 

u 

V 

&. 


.410 
.729 
.720 


OJUJS 
4)  m  o 
"  -  « 

<a  o 

.a* 


o 
o  «  8 

bo       hi 

•  •-1 

K 


75 
52 

40 


4 
3 


Medium  of  several  in  a 


o  '—>  a 
3  4>  o 

rt  —  -— ' 

o  o  S 


2.36 

5.00 

15.00 


a, 

01    O 

o 
u 


S3 


1  Cub.  foot. 
1.37  Cub.  feet. 
1-50  Cub.  feet 


The  illuminating  power  of  the  Kerosene  gas  is  therefore 
nearly  treble  that  of  coal  gas ;  then  allow  that  the  bitumen 
yields  more  than  double  the  gas  of  coal,  and  it  will  appear 
obvious  that  at  the  lowest  calculation  one  ton  of  bitumen 
will  supply  more  light  than  four  tons  of  common  gas  coal. 
Ihis  will  at  once  reduce  the  price  of  gas  three  quarters, 
besides  the  saving  of  the  freight,  time  and  labor  in  the 
handling  and  manufacture,  the  value  of  naptha  over  coal 
tar,  &c.,  and  the  diminished  dimensions  of  the  apparatus 
and  fixtures  employed. 

From  the  New-  York  Journal  of  Commerce  of  June  I7th,  1850. 

m.?«?jTr  P^i^NT  Kerosene  Gas—Wo  publish  below  the  analysis  of  the 
material  of  which  Dr.  Gesner  makes  his  new  illuminating  Gas,  Jid  for  the 
use  of  which  for  this  purpose,  and  for  a  retort  adapted  to  the  new  manufac! 
ture.  he  has  obtained  patents  in  this  country  and  elsewhere  ""^'^"'^^ 

"I  have  analyzed  a  sample  of  asphaltum  for  Dr.  Gesner.  from  N^w. 
Brunswick,  and  find  it  yields  as  follows  : 

«  Volatile  matter,  principally  bitumen so  fiq 

"Coke,  nearly  pure  carbon .........."." ;.'.'.'.'.4i.3i 


"  Signed, 
"Ntw-York,  June  14, 1S30." 


100.00 
JAMES  R.  CHILTON,  Chemist. 


Chemical  Analysis  of  As2)haltum  from   New- Brunswick,  by  C.   T 
Jackson,  of  Boston,  March  16th,  1850. 

•  TuT^'f  substance  proved  to  be  a  beautiful  variety  of  asphaltum.     It  is 
jet  black,  glossy,  and  free  from  smut.    It  breaks  with  a  broad  conchoidal 


r  'I 


m 


'~/;i-:P^ 


'd^-mk^  ^''^mmM^my^. 


-  PATENT   KEBOflENE   GAS. 

r,„t„r..  Uk.  ohsiaian,  an.  p««n|.  tS^n  "jSf^rbrS^d'?,^^^^^ 
heat  in  a  covered  platinuia  ""X"','°  fZ  brilUanl  yellow  flame,  hating 
ga.  i.  giten  off,  w[..ch  born,  "rth  «  '"fijX  and  bulky  coke  of  a  brilliant 

s!'?!:/"oS?fiSetrhSSs;.s '.'^^^^^^ 

two  trials  gave—  ^d. 

.    \'^:-i        f  ♦«,.  58.8  of  volatile  matter, 

^„f,o,^,len.aUer.  J^„,,„,e.  . 

..Thu' ™b.,a„ce  i.  particularly  valuablcTthe  produc.icn  of  ga.  for 
illumination."  _ 

mw-York,  179  Broadway,  June  14, 1850. 

,  have  analysed  a  ^^--.t'ntfcr'li.f  jl  «"%'i^W^^^^^ 
from  the  province  of  "«"-«'»"»"■?«.  "J""         4  ^   distillation  in  clo« 

T«»TOw  No.  2,  Coke 4».D 

No.  1,  Coke...  ..v-.- -4^'^  ..     y^jiatile  matter,  54.5 

««    Volatile  matter,  oo.j 

No.  3,  Coke, 45.5 

««     Volatile  matter,  58.5 

The  aaphaltum  break,  with  a  --''f  „t':!llrrSb\r83  ^^r -"':  of  tii: 
J;i°^;o^»e.^ery^hi|  Ruminating  P""^"- ^^nSEND  HARRIS. 
The  above  asphaltum  is  much  nearer  w  «he  different 

of  Patterson,  and  other  places. 

From  the  New-York  Herald  of  June  20th,  1850. 

r  Ao  -T  ast  evening  Dr.  Abraham  Getner,  of  Halifax,  «• 
Revolution  in  Gas  -Last  evening  g^ientiflc  gentlemen  and  mer- 

S.,  submitted  to  the  ^'^^^'"^iJ^ticThe  hi  made  in  the  manufacture  of 
chanU  of  thi8  city,  a  discovery  whicnnen  ^^  ^^  ^^ 

I^Je^rfofrUir^'iirit'SlSili.i-'^^         79  J.h„..tr.e..  u. 


the  bagel 
apparatv 
bnllianc 
was  proc 
or  case, : 
in  whicli 
veyed  th 
whence  i 
and  has i 
small  bu 
When  oii 
the  furna 


Dr.  G 

Dea 

patent  1 

We 

in  one 

our  gas 

over  thi 

was  tw( 

a  bat-wi 

per  liou 

found  a] 

or  other 

obtainec 

A  small 

main,  b 

burners. 

It  posse 

we  have 

of  smell 

pitals,  m 


Db.  Gks 

covery  of  a 
well  as  the 
:ity  of  Wi 
ment  has 


txpostd  to 
hydrogen 
ne,  haring 
a  brilliant 
Itum  were 
IS  to  expel 
Bult  of  .the 


sr, 


of  gas  for 


14, 1850. 
Gresner,  and 
16  following 
Ion  in  cloie 

..45.5 
,  54.5 


reous.    The 

cent,  of  the 

d  judge  that 

HARRIS. 

different 

>f  Pictou, 

is  sold  in 

isphaltum 

ae  seen  at 
&  Guild, 
the  town 


0. 

5f  Halifax,  N. 
nen  and  mer- 
lanufacture  of 
y  light  to  the 
ras  fiom  coal, 
'as  obtained  a 
ohn-itreet,  in 


■MM 


PATENT   KEROSBNE   OAS. 


13 


the  basement  of  he  store  of  Messrs.  Walworth,  Nason  &  Guild,  where  an 
apparatus  was  fitted  up  and  the  lights  set  burning.  The  soft  and  beautifS 
bnlliancv  of  the  light  was  the  theme  of  admiration  of  every  one  present.  It 
was  produced  from  bitumen,  or  asphaltum.as  follows  :-A  hollow  cylinder 
or  case,  filled  three  quarters  full  of  bitumen,  was  inserted  in  a  red  hot  retort 
1°  "iS'fi?  '*  T^  immediately  liquified,  the  gas  generated  from  it  and  con- 
veyed  through  water  without  any  purification  whatever,  to  the  gasometer, 
whance  it  was  conveyed  by  pipes  to  the  burners.    It  contains  no  impurity 

l^J'H  "°  """H^-  '^  "  ^''i?%  '^  ^^""''^y  °^  ^°*l  8^»  "^nd  requires  a  very 
small  burner;  from  a  small  fish-tail  the  light  was  exceedingly  beautiful. 
When  one  cyUnder  or  case  of  the  bitumen  is  consumed,  it  is  taken  out  of 
the  lurnace,  and  another  inserted  in  its  place,  and  so  on. 

_      ^  New- York,  June  20th f  1B60, 

Dr.  Gesner. 

Dear  Sir, — The  result  of  our  experiments  with  your 
patent  material  for  making  gas,  is  as  follows: 

We  charged  the  retort  with  just  six  lbs.  of  bitumen,  and 
m  one  hour  had  extracted  all  the  gas.     Upon  measuring 
our  gas-holders  we  found  that  we  had  obtained  a  fraction 
over  thirty-five  cubic  feet.     The  amount  of  coke  obtained 
was  two  lbs.  five  oz.     The  gas  was  very  dense,  and  with 
a  bat-wing  burner  consuming  two  and  one-tenth  cubic  feet 
per  hour,  we  obtained  a  light  equal  to  25  candles.     We 
found  also  that  no  purification  was  required.     No  sulphur 
or  other  deleterious  product  could  be  detected.     The  coke 
obtained  is  of  a  superior  quality,  being  nearly  pure  carbon. 
A  small  quantity,  of  naptha  was  deposited  in  the  hydraulic 
main,  but  no  tarry  matter  could  be  found  in  the  pipes  or 
burners.     The  apparatus  is  simple  and  easily  managed. 
It  possesses  an  advantage  over  all  other  apparatus,  which 
we  have  seen,  in  regard  to  simplicity,  neatness  and  absence 
of  smell.     We  think  it  peculiarly  adapted  to  hotels,  hos- 
pitals, manufactories,  and  other  public  and  private  buildings. 
(Signed,) 

Yourob'tserv'ts, 
WALWORTH,  NASON  &  GUILD, 
No.  79  John-st.,  New- York. 

Db.  Grsner's  New  Gas— We  have  already  noticed  Dr.  Gesner's  dis- 
covery  of  a  new  illuminating  gas,  and  witnessed  its  softness  and  beauly,  as 
well  as  the  cheap  and  simple  process  by  which  it  is  manufactured.  The 
Lity  of  Washington  has  been  lighted  with  it,  and  at  that  place  the  exper- 
iment  has  been  tried  upon  a  large  scale,  and  in  the  presence  of  men  of 

4i 


14 


PATENT   KEROSENE   OA8. 


r 


Erofound  science.  The  result  has  been  that  the  Washington  Gas  Company 
•▼e  purchased  the  patent  right  for  that  city,  and  arrangements  are  in 
progress  for  the  general  employment  of  this  new  light.  The  gas  is  obtained 
altogether  from  bitumen,  or  asphaltum,  which  has  already  begun  to  supply 
ui  article  of  commerce.— A*.  Y.  Spirit  of  the  Times. 


THE  PATEiNT  KEROSENE  GAS. 
The  most  beautiful  new  discovery  that  we  are  acquainted  with,  ai  pres 
ent  to  produce  light,  is  the  Hydro-Carbon  Asphalt,  patented  by  Dr.  Gesner' 
It  contains  no  sulphur,  and  requires  no  purification.  We  have  seen  the 
gas  made  from  it,  and  soft  beautiiul  gas  it  is.  The  asphalt,  as  analyzed  by 
Drs.  Jackson  and  Chilton,  contains  about  50  per  cent,  of  volatile  matter 
and  50  of  pure  carbon.  It  is  an  excellent  discovery,  one  which — without 
any  secret  chaiLbers — has  been  exhibited  to  a  number  of  scientific  gentle- 
men who  could  appreciate  its  importance.  W^ith  six  pounds  of  this  nydro- 
carbon,  35  cubic  feet  of  gas  was  obtained,  which  was  very  dense — one 
burnei-  being  equal  t3  25  candles — consuming  2-10  cubic  feet  per  hour. 
The  apparatus  to  maxe  it  is  so  cheap  and  simple,  that  any  person  can  buy 
and  manage  it  for  private  families.  It  is  a  most  admirable  invention  — 
Scientific  American. 

From  the  Halifax  British  Colonist  of  Oct.  24th  1850. 
Kerosene  Gas. — Pasfing  along  Mollis  street  last  evening,  we  were 
attracted,  together  with  a  crowd  of  our  citiaens,  by  the  unusual  bril- 
liancy of  the  gas  light  in  the  Stores  of  Messrs.  Morton  and  Gossip, 
which,  upon  enquiry,  we  learned  was  produced  from  Asphaltum,  the 
discovery  of  Dr.  Gesner.  A  gasometer  and  other  apparatus  had  been 
arranged  in  some  building  contiguous.  This  light,  when  compared 
with  that  produced  from  coal,  presents  a  striking  contrast — the  gas 
burning  in  the  windows  of  the  surrounding  stores  appearing  beside  the 
new  article  as  the  flame  of  a  candle.  It  is  calculated  that  its  cost  is 
not  more  than  one  half  the  price  of  coal  gas.  We  understand  that  the 
steamboat  company  intend  using  it  for  the  purpose  of  lighting  their 
property  on  the  Dartmouth  side. 

From  the  Morning  Chronicle  of  Oct.  2ith  1850. 
The  Kerosene  Gas  has  been  introduced  into  Morton's  block  of 
buildings;  and  the  Earl  of  Dundonald  inspected  the  premises  last  even- 
ing. A  great  number  of  i^ersons  were  attracted  by  the  brilliant  light 
exnibitf  d  on  Wednesday  night,  and  it  seems  to  be  the  general  opinion 
that  Di .  Gesner's  Patent  is  a  great  fact. 

From  the  Church  Times  of  Oct.  25th  1830. 
Kerosene  Gas. — The  superioritj  of  Asphaltum  over  coal,  for  the 
production  of  Gas  for  light,  has  we  think,  been  sufficiently  tested  dur- 
ing the  past  week,  so  that  not  a  doubt  can  longer  exist  on  the  subject. 
Whilethe  experiment  was  conducted  at  a  distance,  and  only  its  results 
communicated,  there  was  always  reason  to  question  the  statements  re- 
Bpecting  it.  If  this  be  an  age  when  people  are  astonished  at  nothing 
that  occurs,  it  is  still  most  especially  an  age  of  humbug,  and  the  more 
marked  may  be  the  public  utility  that  is  likely  to  follow  the  success  of 
an  undertaking — the  greater  the  magnitude  of  the  results  expected  to 
be  attained — the  more  room  is  there  for  doubting  its  completion^ 
People  are  little  inclined  to  take  things  for  granted  that  may  not  ap* 


'W'-i  d.'^. 


rATENT    KEROSENE   GAS. 


10 


I  Company 
ents  are  in 
is  obtained 
I  to  lupply 


h,  ai  pres 
>r.  Gesner' 
e  seen  the 
]alyzed  by 
ile  matter 
— without 
fie  gentle- 
his  hydro- 
enae — one 
per  hour. 
>n  can  buy 
rention  — 


,  we  were 
sual  bril- 
d  Gossip, 
Itum,  the 
had  been 
compared 
—the  gas 
l)eside  the 
its  cost  is 
1  that  the 
ling  their 


block  of 
last  even- 
iant  light 
il  opinion 


1,  for  the 
sted  dur- 
e  subject. 
its  results 
ments  re- 
t  nothing 
.  the  more 
success  of 
cpected  to 
>mpletion^ 
ij  not  ap< 


proTe  themselTes  to  their  self  interest— or  to  accept  as  established  truth 
what  is  not  tested  by  the  evidence  of  their  senses.    But  seeing  is  be- 
lieTing,  and  the  people  of  Halifax  have  had  full  opportunity  of  seeing 
that  the  Gas  evolved  from  Asphaltum,  by  Dr.  Gesner,  burns  with  a 
brilliancy  equal  to  any  other.     The  shops  of  Mr.  Morton,  Druggist,  and 
Mr.  Gossip,  Bookseller,  were  lit  with  the  new  gas  on  Wednesday  even- 
ing, when  (and  on  every  evening  since,)  the  beautiful  light  was  the 
object  of  general  admiration.   It  also  engaged  the  attention  of  the  Admi- 
ral,  the  Earl  of  Dundonald,  who  we  dare  say,  experiences  much  satisfac- 
tion at  the  countenance  he  has  afforded  to  the  enterprise.     Many  may 
ask— What  is  the  good  of  this .'    We  will  tell  them.    The  Gas  Company 
charge  IBs.  per  thousand  cubic  feet  for  the  article  they  supply— the 
Kerosene  Gas,  we  are  authorised  to  state,  can  be  furnished  at  least  one 
fourth  less.     This  is  a  public  benefit,  and  can  be  understood  by  all.    It 
will  be  felt  as  such  by  every  city  of  the   civlized  world  which  has 
•dopted  the  modern  improvement  of  lighting  its  treetsand  houses. 

From  the  NovascoHaii. 
THE  KEROSENE  GAS. 
AH  doubts  as  to  the  success  of  Dr.  Gesner's  discovery  of  a  cheap  apu 
brilliant  light  from  Asphaltum,  are  dispelled  by  the  reiterated  notices 
of  the  press  in  the  United  States.     The  Scientific  American,  the  .Veto 
Y»rk  Albion,  and  a  host  of  other  respectable  journals  have  borne  testi- 
aaony  to  the  value  of  the  discovery,  and  the  success  of  the  Patentee. 
We  are  glad  to  learn  that  Dr.   Gesner  has  disposed  of  the  Patent,  for 
the  City  of  W«^8hington,  for  a  remunerating  sum— we  are  not  authorised 
to  state  the  ^mount— to  parties  in  that  City.     He  now  purposes,  we  be- 
lieve, fitting  up  several  buildings  in  Halifax ;  and  we  trust  the  Gas 
Company  of  this  city  will  deal  with  the  Doctor  in  the  most  liberal  spirit. 
If  his  discovery  will  reduce  the  price  to  the  consumer— why,  in  the 
name  of  common  sense,  let  us  have  the  benefit  of  it.    We  clip  the  fol- 
lowing notice  from  a  Washington  paper  : 

Our  City  Gas  Lioht.— Observing  the  beauty  of  the  gas  light  las 
evening,  we  were  led  to  inquire  into  the  cause,  and  have  been  informed 
that  the  light  is  that  discovered  by  Dr.  Gesner  who  has  obtained  a  pa- 
tent for  it  in  this  country.  It  is  made  from  bitumen,  or  asphaltum,  of 
which  abundant  supplies  may  be  obtained  at  a  cheap  rate,  and  from  the 
quantity  and  quality  of  the  gas  it  yields,  it  will  reduce  the  cost  of  illu- 
mination fifty  per  cent.  The  Scientific  American,  which  is  good  autho- 
rity in  such  cases,  says :  "  it  is  an  admir  able  invention."  There  is  no 
humbug  about  it. 

Gesner's  New  Gas  Light.— Quite  a  crowd  was  collected Jn  Gran- 
ville Street  on  Wednesday  evening,  attracted  by  the  unusual  brilliancy 
of  the  gas  light  in  the  range  of  buildings  extending  from  the  corner  oc- 
cupied by  the  Messrs.  iVJorton  as  a  Medicine  Ware-house,  to  the  Nova 
Scotia  Book  Store  of  Mr.  Gossip.  It  was  understood  that  the  Kero- 
sene Gas  of  Dr.  Gesner  had  been  introduced,  and  thus  for  the  first  time 
in  Halifax  applied  in  a  manner  to  afford  an  exhibition  of  its  practical 
utility.  If  the  interest  already  evinced  in  its  success  by  those  who 
have  examined  the  new  light  and  satisfied  themselves  of  its  quality  may 
be  considered  a  criterion  by  which  to  judge  of  it,  the  Kerosene  Gas 
Light  is  destined  to  eclipse  all  the  lesser  lights  of  lamp  and  candle,  if 
it  do  not  go  far  to  place  an  extinguisher  on  the  ligHit  produced  by  ordi- 
nary coal  gas.    Our  present  Gas  Company  should  see  to  it  or  the  bril- 


16 


PATENT    KEROSENE   GAS. 


* 


IM 


I 


lianoyof  the  Gesner  Light  may  turn  the  eyes  of  their  customers  to  tho 
preaent  improTement,  and  their  thoughts  to  the  fact  that  a  consider- 
able saving  is  promised  to  result  from  the  introduction  of  this  new 
article. 

From  the  British  Colonid  of  October  lOth,  1850. 
MINING  IN  NEW    BRUNSWICK. 
By  information  received  from  the  New  Brunswick  papers,  and  from 
private  letters,  we  learn  that  the  mineral  resources  of  the  sister  Pro- 
vince are  at  last  beginning  to  be  developed.     During  the  past  six  months 
more  than  twenty  mining  leases  have  been  granted  by  the  Government, 
in  the  Counties  of  Albert  and  Westmoreland.    Upwards  of  two  thou- 
sand chaldrons  of  Bitumen,  or  Mineral  Pitch,  have  already  been  raised 
•  at  Hillsborough,  and  will  soon  be  ready  for  shipment  to  the  United 
States,  to  be  employed  in  the  manufacture  of  gas.    Beds  of  excellent 
coal  from  two  to  six  feet  in  thickness,  have  been  pierced  at  Meranguin, 
*nd  a  party  of  English  miners  are  engaged  to  commence  the  working, 
A  Mr.  Steadman  has  also  opened  a  vein  of  coal  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Shediac,  and  is  now  exploring  an  asphaltum  mine  nearthe  Petticodiao 
River.    Surveys  we  understand  are  made  with  great  energy,  and  there 
is  much  competition  among  the  purchasers  of  mining  leases.     It  is 
stated  that  100,000  tons  of  asphaltum  might  be  shipped  next  season 
from  one  mine.     At  present  the  completion  of  a  railway,  three  miles  in 
length,  is  required  to  aid  its  transport  to  the  river.     The  Black  Lead 
Mine  of  St.  John,  has  been  well  penetrated,  and  it  is  understood  that 
the  proprietors  have  made  a  profitable  investment.     The  iron  works  of 
Carlton  county,  which  were  unfortunately  consumed    by  fire  last  sea- 
son, have  been  rebuilt,  and  have  commenced  the  manufacture  of  iron 
from  the  ore  of  Woodstock.    These  facts  are  encouraging  to  the  inhabi- 
tants of  New  Brunswick,  and  fully  confirm  tho  predictions  formerly 
made  by  Dr.  Gesner  in  his  geological  reports  published  about  ten  years 
since.     But  in  an  equal  degree  they  disprove  the  statements  of  Dr. 
Robb,  and  conflict  with  the  opinions  put  forth  by  him  in  Professor 
Johnston's  recent  agricultural  report.    The  mineral  resources  of  this 
fine  Province  are  evidently  underrated.     The  opening  of  the  above 
mines  has  aroused  a  new  energy,  and  will  no  doubt  contribute  largely 
to  the  prosperity  of  that  Province,  whore  all  the  mines  and  minerals 
are  under  the  control  of  the  Legislature,  and  open  to  the  competition 
of  its  inhabitants. 

From  t/ie  Scientific  American  of  Oct,  12lh,  1850. 
Asphaltum  Mining  in  New  Brunswick —We  learn  from  a  gentleman 
who  has  just  completed  a  tour  through  the  British  Provinces,  that  extensive 
and  very  valuable   mines  of  bitumen   have  been   opened  in  the  county  of 
Albert,  New  Brunswick.    The  principal  operations,  at  present  are  upon 
an  out-cropping,  from  ten  to  fourteen  feet  in  thickness,  situated  about  four 
miles  from  the  wharves  of  the  Petticodiac  River,  near  its  mouth.  The  de- 
posite  has  been  traced  along  the  surface  several  miles,  and  the  bituminous 
mineral  appears  at  numerous  points  along  aline  of  thickly  wooded  country 
sixty  miles  in  length,  and  perhaps  ten  in  breadth.    A  number  of  mining 
leases  have  been  granted  by  the  governn.ent     The  opening  of  roads  and 
the  projection  of  a  railroad  are  on  the  advance,  and  a  general  spirit  of 
enterprise  and  competition  by  the  inhabitants  and  persons  from  the  United 
States,  ia  exerting  itself  throughout  that  region.    On  the  eastern  side  of 
the  river,  and  above  Belleveau  village,  settled  by  Acadian  French,  the  a9« 
phaltum,  or  mineral  pitch,  occurs  in  a  soft  state,  and  resembles  wax. 


ra  to  tho 
!onsider« 
this  new 


md  from 
ter  Pro- 
c  months 
irnment, 
TO  thou- 
m  raised 
e  United 
excellent 
ranguin, 
vrorking. 
irhood  of 
tticodiao 
^nd  there 
es.    It  is 
Kt  season 
I  miles  in 
ack  Lead 
tood  that 
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its  of  Dr. 
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be  largely 
minerals 
mpetltion 


PATENT   KEROSENE  0A8. 


17 


k   Messrs.  Walworth,  Nason  &  Guild,  79  John-st 
rJew-york,  have  been  authorized  to  make  the  Patent  Re^ 

nnAntl     T  'T''"^  of  Patent  Rights  for  manufactories 
and  other  buildings. 

EiToENE  Le  Gal,  Esq.,  and  Henrv  Gesner,  86 
William-st.,  New-York  Agents  for  the  Patentee,  will  also 
dispose  of  rights,  supply  the  material,  and  afford  all  the 
information  required  by  purchasers. 

The  prices  for  Patent  Ifiglus  nre  f„r  any  number  of 
burners  under  300,  $1  per  each  burner;  for  any  nnmber  of 
burners,  fron,  300  to  COO,  75  Cents  foreach  bi^rner      For 


NcW'Yorlc,  Nov,  16,  1850. 


ABRAHAM  GESNER. 


gentleman 
t  extensive 
!  county  of 
t  are  upon 
about  four 
1.  Thede- 
lituminous 
led  country 
:  of  mining 
f  roads  and 
il  spirit  of 
the  United 
tern  side  of 
ich,  the  as* 
s  wax. 


V 


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